Which treaty, signed in 843 CE, divided the Carolingian Empire into three kingdoms and is often considered the birth of France and Germany as distinct entities?

• A Treaty of Verdun ✓
• B Treaty of Mersen
• C Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle
• D Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte

The Treaty of Verdun divided the empire of Charlemagne among his three grandsons: Charles the Bald (West Francia), Lothair I (Middle Francia), and Louis the German (East Francia).